Solution-Focused Cognitive Group Intervention on Left-Behind Children's Safety-Seeking Behaviors: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a solution-focused cognitive group intervention (SCGI) on safety-seeking behaviors among left-behind children. Method: Seventy left-behind children were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. A three-stage intervention was developed based on cognitive behavioral therapy and solution-focused brief therapy. Repeated-measures analysis was used to test between/within-group effects, and linear mixed-effects models and latent change score models were employed to analyze mediating effects. Results: After intervention, the intervention group showed significantly increased perceived social support, and significantly reduced safety-seeking behaviors and loneliness. Perceived social support significantly mediated the effect on safety-seeking behaviors, while loneliness did not. At follow-up, mediating effects dissipated, though perceived social support remained negatively correlated with safety-seeking behaviors and loneliness showed a positive correlation. Discussion: The SCGI is effective in reducing safety-seeking behaviors among left-behind children. Integrating family and community support networks is necessary to enhance long-term outcomes.