Assessing the efficacy of thermotherapy combined with chemotherapy or cryotherapy for the eradication of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3

Cultivar-specific responses emphasise the need to optimise treatment protocols to achieve broad efficacy across diverse cultivars. After virus elimination, tissue-cultured material could be maintained <i>in vitro</i> or by cryopreservation for long-term conservation. These findings provide a scalable strategy for restoring high-health status to grapevine cultivars within germplasm repositories, thereby supporting the long-term sustainability of viticulture.