Biological and Nutritional Values of Prosopis farcta Fruit: A Phytochemical and Pharmacological Evaluation

This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticholinesterase, total phenolic, total flavonoid, total protein, mineral contents, and phenolic components of Prosopis farcta (Banks & Sol.) J.F. Macbr. samples collected from Iraq and Türkiye. The plant materials utilized in our investigation were extracted using ethanol in a soxhlet apparatus. The antioxidant activity was assessed using FRAP, DPPH, and Rel Assay kits. The agar dilution method was used to measure the antimicrobial activity. The anticholinesterase activity was assessed by measuring the activities of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. The Folin-Ciocalteu reagent was employed to measure the total phenolic content of the sample. Total flavonoids content was conducted by an aluminum chloride assay. The LC-MS/MS instrument was used to analyze the standard chemicals present in the plant. The study concluded that the antioxidant potential of the samples taken from Türkiye was found to be higher. Plant fruit extracts have demonstrated significant antioxidant activity. Furthermore, it was discovered that it exhibited lower anti-AChE and anti-BChE activity compared to the galantamine. The extracts displayed the most potent antibacterial action against E. coli. Regional variations in mineral composition have been reported. Phenolic chemicals have been identified at varying concentrations in various parts of the plant. Consequently, it was concluded that the plant’s fruits exhibit significant levels of antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticholinesterase properties.