In Vitro and Field Effectiveness of the Combination of Four Trichoderma spp. Against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Its Impact on Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Crop Production

White mold (<i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i>) reduces potato yield and quality in Sinaloa, Mexico. This study first evaluated the in vitro efficacy of <i>Trichoderma azevedoi</i>, <i>T. afroharzianum</i>, <i>T. asperellum</i> and <i>T. asperelloides</i> in inhibiting <i>S. sclerotiorum</i> mycelial growth and sclerotia production. Field experiments then assessed a combination of these antagonists, their alternating application with synthetic fungicides, and a fungicide-alone treatment for disease control, sclerotia reduction and yield increase. In vitro, all four <i>Trichoderma</i> species significantly inhibited the pathogen, achieving 60.1-63.1% mycelial suppression in dual culture and 90.3-94.1% via volatile metabolites, with the latter also completely suppressing sclerotia formation. In the field, the <i>Trichoderma</i> combination significantly controlled white mold, reducing plant incidence and severity to 66.0 and 27.1% in 2021 and 55.6 and 18.8% in 2022, while lowering sclerotia production to 32.7 and 14.6 on ten plants, respectively. This control extended to tubers, where incidence and severity were reduced to 1.6% and 0.4% in 2021, and 1.3% and 0.3% in 2022. The alternating application of <i>Trichoderma</i> with synthetic fungicides proved statistically equivalent to the <i>Trichoderma</i>-alone treatment in disease control, while the fungicides-alone treatment was significantly less effective. Potato yield was highest in plots treated with the <i>Trichoderma</i> combination (46.0 and 52.9 t ha<sup>-1</sup> in 2021 and 2022, respectively). These results highlight the potential of using a mixture of these four <i>Trichoderma</i> species as a cornerstone of sustainable disease management in Sinaloa, offering effective control of potato white mold while significantly reducing dependence on synthetic fungicides.

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Journal
Plants
Published
2026-01-04
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15010156
Primary Topic
Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
Type
article
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article

In Vitro and Field Effectiveness of the Combination of Four Trichoderma spp. Against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Its Impact on Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Crop Production

Sara Elodia Armenta-López, Gabriel Herrera-Rodríguez, Rosa María Longoria-Espinoza, María Belén Irazoqui-Acosta et al.
Plants
Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
article

In Vitro and Field Effectiveness of the Combination of Four Trichoderma spp. Against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Its Impact on Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Crop Production

Sara Elodia Armenta-López, Gabriel Herrera-Rodríguez, Rosa María Longoria-Espinoza, María Belén Irazoqui-Acosta, Francisco Javier Orduño-Espinoza, Jessica Maria Parra-Parra, Ruben Felix-Gastelum
article en

Abstract

White mold (<i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i>) reduces potato yield and quality in Sinaloa, Mexico. This study first evaluated the in vitro efficacy of <i>Trichoderma azevedoi</i>, <i>T. afroharzianum</i>, <i>T. asperellum</i> and <i>T. asperelloides</i> in inhibiting <i>S. sclerotiorum</i> mycelial growth and sclerotia production. Field experiments then assessed a combination of these antagonists, their alternating application with synthetic fungicides, and a fungicide-alone treatment for disease control, sclerotia reduction and yield increase. In vitro, all four <i>Trichoderma</i> species significantly inhibited the pathogen, achieving 60.1-63.1% mycelial suppression in dual culture and 90.3-94.1% via volatile metabolites, with the latter also completely suppressing sclerotia formation. In the field, the <i>Trichoderma</i> combination significantly controlled white mold, reducing plant incidence and severity to 66.0 and 27.1% in 2021 and 55.6 and 18.8% in 2022, while lowering sclerotia production to 32.7 and 14.6 on ten plants, respectively. This control extended to tubers, where incidence and severity were reduced to 1.6% and 0.4% in 2021, and 1.3% and 0.3% in 2022. The alternating application of <i>Trichoderma</i> with synthetic fungicides proved statistically equivalent to the <i>Trichoderma</i>-alone treatment in disease control, while the fungicides-alone treatment was significantly less effective. Potato yield was highest in plots treated with the <i>Trichoderma</i> combination (46.0 and 52.9 t ha<sup>-1</sup> in 2021 and 2022, respectively). These results highlight the potential of using a mixture of these four <i>Trichoderma</i> species as a cornerstone of sustainable disease management in Sinaloa, offering effective control of potato white mold while significantly reducing dependence on synthetic fungicides.

PlantsVol. 15(1)
Universidad Autónoma de Occidente (MX), Universidad del Valle del Fuerte (MX)
Openalex Percentile: Top 97%
Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
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