The Effect of BclI and N363S Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene (NR3C1) Polymorphisms in Turkish Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

This study aims to examine the relationship between the prevalence of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) gene polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Turkish individuals. Clinical and laboratory findings of patients diagnosed with T2DM and healthy controls were recorded, and blood samples were collected for genetic analysis. Following DNA isolation, genotyping was performed for the BclI and N363S polymorphisms of the Nuclear Subfamily 3 Group C Member 1 (NR3C1) gene using the Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The genotype frequencies of the BclI (rs41423247) polymorphism showed a significant association with T2DM; the CC (34.1%) and CG (56.5%) genotypes were more frequent in the patient group compared to the control group, with a calculated risk ratio for the C allele of 4.762. No significant association was observed between the N363S (rs6195) polymorphism and T2DM (p>0.05). Overall, findings indicate that BclI polymorphism contributes to T2DM susceptibility in this population, whereas the N363S variant does not appear to influence disease risk.