Comparative effectiveness of community-based rehabilitation programs on functional recovery after hip fracture in older adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

The principal finding of this NMA is the profound heterogeneity and very low certainty of the evidence base for community-based rehabilitation after hip fracture. This finding challenges the practice of treating broad rehabilitation categories as uniform interventions and precludes definitive conclusions about the superiority of any single strategy. While our analysis identifies promising trends that can inform future research, its most significant contribution is the formal quantification of a critical evidence gap, providing an essential roadmap for designing future, high-quality trials capable of delivering robust answers.