Design, synthesis, and anticancer activity of novel camphorsulfonamide-based thiazolylhydrazone derivatives

In this work, a series of camphor sulphonamide-based thiazolylhydrazone derivatives were successfully designed and synthesised. The antiproliferative effects of these compounds were evaluated against three different cancer cell lines. Initial findings demonstrated significant antitumor activity across the tested cell lines. Notably, compound <b>5 J</b> exhibited particularly potent activity against the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Compound <b>5 J</b> was found to dose-dependently inhibit cell growth, induce cell cycle arrest at the S phase and prevent migration. Additionally, compound <b>5 J</b> depolarised the mitochondrial membrane potential and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, ultimately leading to apoptosis. These mechanistic insights indicated that compound <b>5 J</b> was regarded as a novel and promising anticancer agent based on its good antitumor effects and specific mode of action in MCF-7 cells.