Exploring the Epistemological Significance of Qualitative Research in Behavior Analysis

Abstract In the evolving field of applied behavior analysis, there is a growing recognition of the value that qualitative research brings to understanding and improving interventions (Burney et al., Perspectives on Behavior Science , 46, 185–200, 2023; Leif et al., Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 57 (3), 542–559, 2024). Our group of academics and practicing behavior analysts aim to share our journey towards incorporating qualitative approaches in our research and practice, underscoring their importance and application in enhancing our scientific endeavors. This article will guide readers through the process of qualitative inquiry, from thinking of words as data through to an introduction to qualitative inquiry methods and how to collect and analyze data. We then discuss some of the ethical considerations around qualitative research (researcher reflexivity, centering participant voice and cultural responsivity) and conclude with highlighting the value of mixed methods research, as we work towards enhancing the social validity of behavior-analytic interventions. Through sharing this journey, we are hoping our behavior-analytic peers will recognize that the path to including qualitative approaches in their research is not daunting and will lead to valuable insights into how we meet the needs of those we serve.