Efflux pump-associated antimicrobial resistance genes in Staphylococcus spp. from dairy and meat samples

Genes encoding efflux pump proteins were commonly found in <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. isolated from dairy and meat samples. Reserpine inhibition tests confirmed the phenotypic effects of these genes. These results suggest efflux-mediated resistance can significantly impact antibiotic tolerance and biocides in foodborne isolates. Continued surveillance and control strategies are essential to limit the spread of these resistance genes in the food chain.