Technological Advances and Future Perspectives of Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation

Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HGNS) has emerged as an alternative, with systems such as Inspire, Nyxoah Genio, and LivaNova Aura6000™ offering different technological approaches. Inspire therapy is FDA-approved and has recently advanced with Inspire V. The Genio System provides bilateral selective stimulation without an implanted battery, and the Aura6000™ employs targeted fascicular recruitment. Experimental ansa cervicalis stimulation demonstrates unique airway stabilization and synergistic effects with HGNS. Collectively, these innovations highlight progress toward more selective and patient-tailored neurostimulation therapies. Future large-scale trials are needed to confirm long-term efficacy and safety.