Police and racial identity formation: thinking the Military police of São Paulo as a site of racial socialization to Whiteness

Based on ethnographic observations in the Military Police of São Paulo, this article examines how police identity formation shapes officers’ racial self-identification and complicates existing conceptualizations of how the police reproduce racial domination. I show that the police environment influences officers from mixed-race backgrounds in their choices of racial identification, often prompting a rejection of Blackness and/or encouraging a self-racialization as White. I argue that this occurs because the institution functions as a racially socializing environment, structuring officers’ interpretations of race through the transmission of a ‘White socialisation’. In a police force where Black and Brown officers constitute the majority of lower ranks, I demonstrate how these dynamics inform our understanding of the mechanisms that sustain racialized policing, and operate as a means to secure the foundations of a police system that relies on the embodied denial of race to enforce racial inequalities.

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Publication Details

Journal
Identities
Published
2026-01-05
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289x.2025.2606592
Primary Topic
Policing Practices and Perceptions
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Police and racial identity formation: thinking the Military police of São Paulo as a site of racial socialization to Whiteness

Morgan Olive-Carmellini
Identities
Policing Practices and Perceptions
article

Police and racial identity formation: thinking the Military police of São Paulo as a site of racial socialization to Whiteness

Morgan Olive-Carmellini
article en

Abstract

Based on ethnographic observations in the Military Police of São Paulo, this article examines how police identity formation shapes officers’ racial self-identification and complicates existing conceptualizations of how the police reproduce racial domination. I show that the police environment influences officers from mixed-race backgrounds in their choices of racial identification, often prompting a rejection of Blackness and/or encouraging a self-racialization as White. I argue that this occurs because the institution functions as a racially socializing environment, structuring officers’ interpretations of race through the transmission of a ‘White socialisation’. In a police force where Black and Brown officers constitute the majority of lower ranks, I demonstrate how these dynamics inform our understanding of the mechanisms that sustain racialized policing, and operate as a means to secure the foundations of a police system that relies on the embodied denial of race to enforce racial inequalities.

Identities
London School of Economics and Political Science (GB)
London School of Economics and Political Science, Economic and Social Research Council
Reduced inequalities
Openalex Percentile: Top 98%
Policing Practices and Perceptions
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