Enhanced paper grip test for foot strength assessment in healthy young adults: test–retest reliability and comparison with handgrip test

Abstract Purpose This study assessed the reliability of the Enhanced Paper Grip Test (EPGT), a simple and efficient tool for evaluating foot strength, and its correlation with the handgrip test in healthy young adults. Methods Twenty-one healthy young participants completed two sessions of measurement using EPGT and handgrip dynamometer, with three trials per session 10–14 days apart. Results The EPGT test showed good to excellent relative reliability (ICC = 0.90–0.92) but higher variability (CV = 8.2–15.3%), while handgrip demonstrated excellent reliability (ICC = 0.98–0.99) with lower variability (CV = 3.1–4.2%). Moderate correlations (R = 0.47–0.56) were found between the two measures, with inter-limb asymmetry showing good reliability (ICC = 0.82–0.83) for both tests. Conclusion EPGT’s simplicity and ability to assess foot strength make it a valuable tool, though further research is needed to improve its absolute reliability and applicability in different age groups and patient populations.