The Use of Traditional Korean Medicine after Open Reduction and Internal Fixation in Trimalleolar Fractures: A Two-Case Report

A trimalleolar fracture is a severe ankle fracture involving simultaneous injuries to the medial, lateral, and posterior malleoli. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is the standard treatment for trimalleolar fractures, and postoperative rehabilitation is essential for functional recovery. Traditional Korean medicine (TKM) has been applied postoperatively for various fractures. However, reports targeting trimalleolar fractures are limited. This report presents two cases of postoperative rehabilitation using TKM after ORIF for trimalleolar fractures. The patients underwent acupuncture, electroacupuncture, and cupping therapy. Treatment outcomes were assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale for pain, ankle range of motion, and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society score. The patients showed notable improvements across these measures. These findings indicate that integrative TKM treatment contributes to pain relief and functional recovery after ORIF in patients with trimalleolar fractures. However, larger-scale studies with longer follow- ups are needed to validate these preliminary results.