Universe, complexity and human history. : Human history in light of the laws of the universe.

Abstract: The aim of this work is to analyze whether human societies are governed by laws analogous to those governing the evolution of the universe. Specifically, we examine the development of complexity, the law of increasing entropy, and the predominance of non-equilibrium and non-stable systems in the universe. Our findings indicate that throughout human history, there has been a prevalence of rigid, stable systems in equilibrium, characterized by lower complexity in human activities and social relations. These systems have primarily benefited a minority rather than the broader population, resulting in reduced entropy generation. Conversely, we have observed that transitioning partially or entirely toward non-stable, non-equilibrium systems—where the living conditions and rights of the population are protected and expanded—fosters a greater complexity of societies. This transition is associated with increased activity, complexity, wealth, and entropy creation, aligning with the laws governing the evolution of the universe.