Management of Chronic Seromas and the Role of Bleomycin Sclerotherapy: A Two-Case Report

Seroma is a common postoperative complication after several plastic surgery operations. They mostly resolve on their own, but from time to time, they can persist and become chronic. This article reports two cases of persistent seromas, a post-abdominoplasty seroma and a Morel-Lavallée lesion, successfully treated with intralesional bleomycin and reviews their etiology, prevention, and treatment with a focus on sclerotherapy. The different choices of sclerosants are discussed with their mechanism of action, focusing on bleomycin, which was used in two different cases of persistent seromas successfully without complication. To our knowledge, this article is the first to report the clinical use of bleomycin as a sclerosant for the treatment of seroma.