Evaluating Life Cycle Assessment from Construction to End of Life in Wastewater Treatment

To increase resource recovery and reduce environmental footprints is the utmost need in today’s world. This review focuses on the evaluation of life cycle phases in wastewater treatment technologies. The methodology includes analyzing the most recent data on the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of wastewater treatment technologies, focusing on their phases of construction, operation, and end-of-life, while considering environmental and economic impacts from recent studies. By examining these studies, it was observed that interdisciplinary approaches and emerging technological solutions, such as nutrient recovery, biochar production, and anaerobic digestion, are necessary for enhancing sustainability. Finally, future directions are proposed to optimize environmental performance, resource efficiency, and technological integration in wastewater management through comprehensive LCA frameworks