Physicochemical and Nutritional Quality of Raw Milk Consumed in Bongor, Chad

This study aimed to determine the physicochemical and nutritional characteristics of raw milk. Of the thirty (30) samples included, density was measured by comparing the ratio of equal volumes of milk and water, Dornic acidity was measured by titration using Dornic soda, fat content was measured using the Soxhlet method, protein content was measured using the Kjeldahl method, and ash content was measured by incineration. The results revealed an average density of 1.029 with a compliance rate of 93.30% either 29/30 samples, and the lactic acid content was unsatisfactory at 26.70% either 8/30 samples with an average of 16.50°D. From a nutritional point of view, the protein content was satisfactory at 96.70% either 29/30, compared with an unsatisfactory proportion of 33.33% for the fat content. Total non-compliance (100%) was observed for the ash content; all the samples considered had an abnormally low total ash content. These analyses show that raw milk has relative physicochemical stability, but its nutritional qualities are compromised by its low ash and fat content. Supplementation measures should be put in place to restore this product to its expected virtues.