Advances and Future Perspectives of HP-CIL Metabolomics Technology Applications across Diverse Fields

Metabolomics plays a vital role in analyzing small molecule dynamics, disease diagnosis, and biomarker identification within biological systems. However, challenges persist including low detection sensitivity for low-abundance metabolites, imprecise identification, and inadequate data standardization. The High-Performance Chemical Isotope Labeling (HP-CIL) technique employs a dual 12C/13C labeling strategy with targeted derivatization reagents to chemically modify functional groups such as amino groups, phenolic groups, and carboxyl groups. This approach not only optimizes chromatographic separation efficiency but also enhances electrospray ionization signals, achieving 10 to 1000-fold improvements in the detection sensitivity of polar metabolites. The technology effectively addresses the issues of ion suppression and quantitative instability inherent in traditional methods. HP-CIL technology, leveraging isotope internal standard correction (with a quantitative error ≤ 5%) and three-tier database integration, enables precise qualitative and quantitative analysis of trace samples in complex matrices. In the medical field, through analysis of urine, blood, and saliva samples, this technology demonstrates multidimensional application potential in oncology, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disorders, immunology, and drug development. In sports science, it can decipher the dynamic changes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle during endurance exercise. For fermented food analysis, it aids in optimizing low-salt fermentation processes. In gut microbiota research, it detects short-chain fatty acids overlooked by traditional methods, revealing the correlation between dietary fiber intervention and host health. Moving forward, through deep integration with multi-omics technologies like genomics and transcriptomics, HP-CIL will drive precision medicine toward dynamic health management and personalized treatment plans, becoming a core technological bridge connecting basic research and clinical practice.