Effects of 360° Titanium Core Strength Exercise<sup>®</sup> on Swing Speed and Driving Distance in Novice Golfers

The 360° TitaniUM Core Strength Exercise® comprises a series of 12 exercises aimed at strengthening the body's core. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of 360° TitaniUM Core Strength Exercise® on Swing Speed and Driving Distance in Novice Golfers. Participants were 40 students aged 18-22 from Linyi Golf Academy, Shandong Province, China, selected through purposive sampling. They were randomly assigned to two groups: an intervention group and a control group. All participants completed a pre-test using PRGR golf rangefinder equipment before a 12-week intervention program. The intervention group underwent training and coaching in the 360° vTitaniUM Core Strength Exercise® prior to the training, while the control group only participated in warm-up exercises. Post-testing was conducted using PRGR devices after the 12-week intervention program. Statistical analysis using independent sample t-tests demonstrated significant effects, with the intervention group showing significantly higher Swing Speed in the post test compared to the control group (Intervention group post-test: M=78.65, SD=16.37; control group post-test: M=64.00, SD=19.77; t(38) = 4.504, p < 0.05). Similarly, the intervention group exhibited significantly greater Driving Distances in the post-test compared to the Control group (Intervention group post-test: M=80.30, SD=14.63; Control group post-test: M=64.00, SD=19.77; t(37) = 2.553, p < 0.05). There was a significant difference in Swing Speed between pre-test (M=60.20, SD=9.87) and post-test (M=78.65, SD=16.37) in the Intervention group (t(19) = - 7.074, p < 0.05). Similarly, there was a significant difference in Driving Distance between pre-test (M=55.80, SD=18.49) and post-test (M=80.30, SD=14.63) in the Intervention group (t(19) = -6.309, p < 0.05). In contrast, the Control group did not show significant differences in Swing Speed (pre-test: M=43.00, SD=13.10; post-test: M=46.55, SD=9.29; t(19) = -1.976, p > 0.05) and Driving Distance (pre-test: M=56.60, SD=22.53; post-test: M=64.00, SD=19.77; t(19) = -1.864, p > 0.05). viThis study demonstrates that the Intervention group exhibited significantly higher Swing Speed and further Driving Distances compared to the Control group, indicating the effectiveness of 360° TitaniUM Core Strength Exercise® in enhancing these aspects of golf performance. The findings emphasize the potential benefits of core strength improvement in enhancing technical stability, increasing on-course performance.