A comparative study of biochar production from temple floral waste and coriander stems

Purpose: This study investigates and compares the efficiency and physicochemical properties of biochar produced from two distinct biomass feedstocks: temple floral waste and coriander stems—and assesses their potential applicability in agricultural systems. Method; Biochar was produced via pyrolysis at 550 °C under oxygen-limited conditions. The samples were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX). Germination tests were conducted using Cicer arietinum to assess the effectiveness of the biochars. Results: EDX analysis confirmed the presence of essential macronutrients—carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg)—indicating potential as soil enhancers. The maximum biochar yield (57%) was obtained from temple floral waste, whereas coriander stems yielded )49%(. Germination tests revealed that coriander stem biochar promoted seed growth more effectively than floral waste. Conclusion: Both biomass sources are viable for sustainable biochar production; however, coriander stem biochar showed greater potential for enhancing seed germination. The findings highlight the role of unconventional biomass in sustainable waste management and agricultural improvement. Highlights · Comparison of biochar efficiency from temple floral waste and coriander stems. · Both biomasses underwent pyrolysis at 550°C, a process without oxygen. · Physicochemical analysis of biochar from floral & coriander waste revealed macro-nutrients. · Highest biochar yield was achieved using floral waste. · Sustainable waste management & biochar production from temple waste, coriander stems.