Climate Change, Analysis of Temperature and Rainfall Trend in Northern Ethiopia: In the Case of Dessie Zuria

This study presented an analysis of long-term temperature and precipitation trends in the Dessie Zuria from 1981 to 2022. To monitor climate change in the study area, it was necessary to analyze the trends in temperature and rainfall in particularly. The aim of this study was to assess the monthly and annual rainfall and temperature trends, descriptive statistical analysis, and the impact of climate change in the study area. In this study, CDT, R software, Arc Map, and Excel 2010 were used for data and map preparation, as well as descriptive statistical analysis. The Mann-Kendall and Sen’s slope trend test were to detect trends and the magnitude of change. According to the analysis of average yearly maximum temperature coefficient of variation was varied from 1.9% (Tita) and 4.5% (Guguftu). The average yearly maximum temperature was a non-significant increasing trend at Dessie, Tita and Tebasit station but a significant increasing trend at Guguftu station. The annual minimum temperature coefficient of variation was 13.9%, 19.1%, 10.6% and 15.4% at Dessie, Guguftu, Tita and Tebasit station respectively. The average yearly minimum temperature was a non-significant increasing trend at Guguftu and Tebasit station but a non-significant decreasing trend at Dessie and Tita station. The monthly rainfall coefficients of variation were moderate variability in July and August, but other months were high variability. The annual rainfall was a non-significant increasing trend at Dessie and Guguftu station but significant increasing trend at Tita and Tebasit station. The slopes of annual rainfall were changed at 4.7mm, 7.4mm, 6.2mm and 6.1mm per year at Dessie, Guguftu, Tita and Tebasit station respectively. The slope of average annual minimum temperature was changed at -0.02°C, 0.01°C, -0.004°C and 0.014°C per year at Dessie, Guguftu, Tita and Tebasit station respectively. The slope of average annual maximum temperature was increased at 0.006°C, 0.03°C, 0.005°C and 0.01°C per year at Dessie, Guguftu, Tita and Tebasit stations in the study area respectively. This situation of temperature increment was influenced by climate change in the study area. Therefore, since the results of this work are necessary, relevant stakeholders must adopt policies that help prevent climate change.