Cloud-Based Energy Optimization and Automation in Smart Homes Using IoT

The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices within residential settings is driving the development of increasingly sophisticated smart homes, which offer novel solutions for automating daily routines and crucially, optimizing energy consumption. This paper proposes a robust, cloud-based framework specifically designed for comprehensive energy management and automation in modern smart homes. The framework’s foundation is a distributed network of heterogeneous IoT devices—including smart thermostats, intelligent lighting systems, and high-resolution energy meters—that function as the Perception Layer, collecting real-time data on appliance status, environmental factors like temperature and occupancy, and fine-grained energy consumption. This raw data is then securely aggregated and transmitted to the central cloud infrastructure for high-level processing.