Quality of Life (QoL) Among Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Concurrent Mixed Methods Approach

Introduction: Cancer continues to represent a critical global and national health concern, with profound physical, psychological, social, and environmental impacts on affected individuals. Aim: To explore the quality of life (QoL) of Filipino cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy across the four domains: physical, psychological, social, and environmental. Methods: A concurrent mixed-method triangulation design was employed, integrating quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative phase used the WHOQOL-BREF to measure QoL, while the qualitative phase employed semi-structured interviews to capture patients lived experiences during chemotherapy. Results: Key findings indicated that physical QoL was moderate, with fatigue and treatment-related side effects as major concerns. Psychological and social QoL were rated high, supported by spirituality, family, and peer connections. Environmental QoL was also moderate, reflecting adequate living conditions and healthcare access, although financial burdens and logistical challenges, such as transportation, persisted. Quantitative analysis showed no statistically significant associations between QoL and demographic variables, including age, gender, marital status, educational attainment, region, cancer type, and treatment duration. However, qualitative findings revealed that these factors influenced individual experiences. Coping strategies such as acceptance, faith, and lifestyle adjustments fostered resilience, while emotional distress, reduced intimacy, and stigma remained challenges. These findings highlight the need for enhanced psychosocial support, financial assistance, and health education tailored to cancer patients in resource-limited settings. Conclusion: The study offers locally grounded insights into the multifaceted impact of chemotherapy, supporting the design of holistic care approaches and informed healthcare policies in resource-constrained settings. These findings can guide healthcare providers, caregivers, families, and policymakers in developing culturally sensitive, patient-centered interventions to enhance the quality of life of Filipino cancer patients.