Propagation Characteristics of Indium Antimonide Loaded Bilayer Black Phosphorus Slab Waveguide

In this manuscript, numerical analysis of indium antimonide loaded bilayer black phosphorus slab waveguide has been performed in THz frequency region. Transfer matrix technique is used to obtain the dispersion relation. Based on theoretical framework, it has been reported that propagation characteristics of electromagnetic (EM) waves are strongly influenced by carrier density, BP thickness (s), indium antimonide (InSb) thickness and InSb temperature. It is reported that BP has higher propagation constant and stronger confinement as compared to graphene. Propagation constant ( β ) and normalized phase velocity are examined along σ ac and σ zz conductivities of BP. It is reported that higher carrier density ( n s ) and InSb (d) thickness are responsible for reducing propagation constant ( β ). However, thicker BP thickness and InSb temperature exhibit higher propagation constant. Additionally, σ zz exhibit higher β as compared to a σ ac . Furthermore, carrier density and InSb temperature (T) also play a crucial role in tuning the normalized phase velocity. These results can be applied for designing, efficient THz waveguides, modulators, thermal imaging, and near-field communication devices for advanced photonic and optoelectronic applications.