Public Health Implications of Flu, Coronavirus Disease 2019, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus: Viral Infections We can Prevent and Treat

Abstract Respiratory viral infections, particularly influenza, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), represent a major global public health challenge, with a disproportionate burden in low- and middle-income countries. These infections cause substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic loss, especially among children, the elderly, immunocompromised individuals, and those with co-morbidities. While effective vaccines, antivirals, and preventive monoclonal antibodies are available or emerging, timely diagnosis remains a critical gap. This review highlights the epidemiological burden, clinical impact, economic consequences, and diagnostic challenges of these viral infections, emphasizing the urgent need for affordable, accurate, and accessible diagnostic solutions to improve patient outcomes, infection control, and antimicrobial stewardship.