Determinants of treatment motivation among tuberculosis patients at a community health center in Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia

Objective: The objective of this study is to identify and determine the factors influencing patients’ motivation to undergo tuberculosis (TB) treatment at a community health center in Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a total sampling design. The study included 92 pulmonary TB patients aged 18-55 years who received treatment at a community health center in Medan, Indonesia. Inclusion criteria include consenting patients (18-55 years) with pulmonary TB in the continuation phase, including new, incomplete cure, or re-treatment cases. Patients with mental disorders or multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) were excluded. Data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire and analyzed using bivariate and multivariate ordinal regression models to determine factors associated with treatment motivation. Results: Univariate analysis showed that self-efficacy [odds ratio (OR)=1.131, p<0.001] and perceived quality of health services (OR=1.149, p=0.009) were significantly associated with patients’ motivation for treatment. In the multivariate model, self-efficacy remained the strongest factor influencing patients’ motivation for TB treatment (OR=120, p=0.003). Conclusion: Self-efficacy was the main determinant of patients’ motivation for TB treatment. These findings highlight the importance of enhancing patients’ self-efficacy through interventions that empower them to take control of their treatment.