Fully twisted torus interconnection network for parallel systems

This paper proposes a new interconnection network called the Fully Twisted Torus (FTT), which is derived from the Torus topology. Due to its simple design and regular topological structure, it is highly scalable. The key topological parameters—such as node degree, network diameter, cost, bisection width, and packing density are analyzed and compared against several existing networks, including Torus, Mesh, Mesh Connected Ring (MCR), and Octagon for Ubiquitous Computing (OUC). It is shown that the FTT is a better choice among these topologies in terms of network diameter, node degree, bisection width, average distance, packing density, and network cost. Furthermore, both fault-free and fault-tolerant routing techniques are proposed and illustrated to enhance reliability. The FTT’s architecture ensures improved fault tolerance, making it a robust choice for large-scale parallel systems.