Hebrew Self-Transcendence: Translation and Validation for Family Caregivers of People with Dementia

Abstract Background While family caregivers of individuals with advanced dementia often experience high levels of emotional and physical burden, less attention has been given to their sources of resilience and well-being. Tools like the Self-Transcendence Scale (STS) can help assess these positive dimensions, but culturally adapted versions are needed. Objective To translate and culturally adapt the STS into Hebrew and evaluate its psychometric properties among family caregivers of nursing home residents with moderate-to-severe dementia. Methods A sample of 175 Hebrew-speaking caregivers completed the STS. The scale underwent translation and cultural adaptation, followed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Results Factor analyses revealed a four-factor structure: Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, Transpersonal, and Temporal, aligned with Reed’s theoretical framework. Convergent validity was demonstrated, with higher ST scores significantly associated with lower caregiver burden (r = –.34, p < .001). Internal consistency was acceptable (Cronbach’s alpha = .72). The Temporal dimension emerged as a key contributor, reflecting caregivers’ integration of past, present, and future experiences. Conclusions The Hebrew STS is a valid and reliable tool for assessing self-transcendence among family caregivers. It offers new insights into their psychological adaptation and may support future cross-cultural research and intervention development.