Complications and Treatment Methods of the Lateral Sinus Lift Technique: A Literature Review

Maxillary sinus lift procedures are common surgical interventions that increase bone volume for successful dental implant operations. These procedures serve to correct the loss of alveolar bone and the enlargement of the sinus cavity that typically occur following the loss of a tooth. The lateral sinus lift technique, developed by Boyne and James, provides access to the maxillary sinus cavity. This method preserves the Schneiderian membrane and fills the space between the sinus floor and the membrane with graft material. Complications that may arise intraoperatively during sinus lift procedures include bleeding and perforation of the Schneiderianmembrane. The use of compresses and vasoconstrictors can effectively control bleeding; however, membrane perforation can frequently result in graft loss and implant failure. Postoperative complications include sinusitis, infections, and implant migration into the sinus. Rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment can manage these complications. To minimize the risk of complications, it is important to conduct a detailed radiographic examination before the procedure. During implant procedures, anatomical variations and additional accessory structures should also be considered. The success of a sinus lift depends on the correct use of surgical equipment and appropriate treatment planning. Consequently, surgeons should carefully evaluate patient characteristics and select appropriate surgical techniques.