The Association Between Job-Seeking & Adult Attention Deficient Hyperactivity Disorder Among Working-Age Individuals in Oman: A Retrospective Study from the National Clinical Service for Adult ADHD in Oman

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) presents significant challenges in all age groups, affecting various aspects of daily functioning and quality of life. Objective: This study aims to explore the rate and associated factors of unemployment among ADHD in adults. A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including 179 adults diagnosed with ADHD seeking consultation at a comprehensive ADHD clinic at a tertiary hospital in urban Oman. Sociodemographic characteristics, clinical presentations, and factors associated with employment status were collected. 41% of the participants were actively seeking employment. Among the correlates of unemployment is obesity (OR 5.64, <i>p</i> = 0.011, 95% CI 1.49-21.43). Other variables, including education level and marital status, also influenced employment rates, with bachelor's degree holders showing higher chances of unemployment (OR 5.35, <i>p</i> = 0.009, 95% CI 1.52-18.88). Marital status was closely associated with unemployment, with 39.5% of married individuals unemployed (<i>p</i> = 0.022). Furthermore, anxiety disorders were closely associated with unemployment (<i>p</i> = 0.026). Nearly one-third of the cohort had a comorbid substance use disorder (30%), and 6% reported suicidal attempts. This study highlights the significantly high prevalence of job seeking among adults with ADHD. Obesity, education level, marital status, and anxiety disorders were strongly associated with job search.