Impact of isolated identified Rhizophagus irregularis plus PGPR on grown Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) under salinity stress

This research aims to study the effect of inoculation with Rhizophagus irregularis as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and two plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPR): Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the growth of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) under salt stress conditions 2% and 4 % NaCl. A field experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates. Treatments included un-inoculated as control, inoculated as Rhizophagus irregularis fungi, bacteria only treatment, and a combined inoculant as Rhizophagus plus two types of bacteria in addition to two concentrations NaCl as salt stress 2% and 4 % NaCl . The results showed that the combined inoculants from Rhizophagus plus PGPR led to in a significant increase(p ≤ 0.05 )in most of the studied parameters compared to other treatments when it ( Rhizophagus plus PGPR) the highest average of plant parameters as germination percent , plant height, wet and dry plant weight , number of leaves and length and root diameter plant 8. 66%, 49.13cm, 50.04 and 9.32 g, 22.27 leaf and 19.01 cm and 3.54 cm for studied plant parameters respectively as compared to the control treatments. The importance of this research lies in the integration of Rhizophagus irregularis with Pseudomonas bacteria as an effective biological means to improve the tolerance of radish plants to salt stress, which opens new horizons for the use of biological treatments as a sustainable substitute to chemical inputs in salinity affected regions.