Research Trends in Postpartum Depression in Korea: A Systematic Review

Purpose: This study systematically reviewed research on postpartum depression (PPD) in South Korea to examine trends in publication patterns, research designs, sample characteristics, measurement practices, and associated factors.Methods: A comprehensive search of the Korean Studies Information Service System, Research Information Sharing Service, and National Assembly Library identified 136 KCI-indexed journal articles published through July 2025. Eligible studies were reviewed, and methodological and substantive features were coded and analyzed.Results: Research on PPD has steadily increased since 1989, with a peak around 2011. Most studies were quantitative, cross-sectional, hospital-based, and included fewer than 200 participants. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was the most commonly used measure, though cutoff scores varied considerably. Depression was commonly assessed within three months postpartum. Research primarily focused on psychosocial risk factors and intervention effects, with psychological and family-related factors frequently examined, while biological and cultural factors received limited attention.Conclusion: Korean PPD research has expanded over the past three decades and has clarified key psychosocial determinants. However, the predominance of cross-sectional designs, inconsistent cutoffs, and limited exploration of biological and cultural contexts highlight the need for longitudinal studies, standardized measurement, and more diverse and representative samples to support culturally appropriate interventions.