Integrative Neural Networks Frame of Reference: Application in Practice

The INN Frame of Reference supports occupational engagement in caregivers of children and youth with complex health care needs. It guides the occupational therapist from evaluation to intervention providing a structure to identify challenges in occupational engagement. It describes the process of selecting evidence-based interventions to mitigate the impact of prolonged stress on the “whole” parent across contexts. The theoretical base outlines the mechanisms of action that support physiological, affective/cognitive, and social/spiritual health, and the concepts related to intervention. The completion of an occupational profile and the INN Evaluation Checklist sets the stage for data-driven decision making. The occupational therapist generates hypotheses and collaborates with the parent to establish the goals, priorities, and desired outcomes for treatment. The postulates regarding change guide the therapist when addressing physiological, affective/cognitive, social/spiritual INN domains using an occupation-based, holistic, and family-centered approach. A case study illustrates the INN intervention process and application to practice.