Performance Improvement of the Triboelectric-Electromagnetic Hybrid Generator with a Differential Mechanism by Wind Driving

This work presents a wind-driven triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid generator with a differential mechanism (DW-TEHG) for enhanced wind energy harvesting. The design employs upper and lower wind scoops driving counter-rotating flywheels within a differential system, enabling both single-scoop operation and dual-scoop codriving modes. This configuration compensates for wind intermittency by simultaneously capturing energy from different heights. The hybrid approach leverages triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) for low-frequency efficiency and electromagnetic generators (EMGs) for higher-frequency performance. Under dual-scoop codriving at 14.4 m/s wind speed, TENG modules achieve 257 V and 15.8 μA. demonstrating a 37% enhancement in power output compared with single wind-scoop driving. The system demonstrates a low start-up wind speed (3.6 m/s single scoop; 4.9 m/s dual scoop) and effectively powers applications including 900 LEDs and a 20 mW temperature detector at 12.0 m/s. By overcoming traditional limitations of high start-up thresholds and intermittent output, the DW-TEHG provides a robust solution for sustainable micropower generation in urban environments with variable wind conditions.