Collum Angle Of Maxillary Central Incisors In Class III Malocclusions: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the angle of the maxillary central incisors in Class I and Class III malocclusions, with cephalometric radiography Methods: This study analyzed 120 lateral cephalometric radiographs classified into study and control groups based on Angle’s classification, ANB angles, and Wits appraisal. The study group with skeletal Class III malocclusion, while the control group included individuals with skeletal Class I malocclusion The study group comprised 33 female and 27 male patients with a mean age of 13,59± 3,53, while the control group included 32 female and 28 male patients with a mean age of 14,26±2,60. The collum angle was defined as the angle between the long axes of the root and crown. Various cephalometric parameters were assessed, and descriptive statistics were calculated. Results: The study group exhibited significantly greater proclination of the maxillary incisors than the control group, as evidenced by higher 1/NA° and 1-NA (mm) values (p < 0.001). The mean collum angle was significantly higher in Class III individuals (4.05° ± 3.98) than in Class I individuals (−0.44° ± 5.24) (p<0.001), indicating a more pronounced labial root positioning. These morphological features are consistent with true skeletal Class III malocclusion. Conclusion: The increased collum angle observed in Class III individuals results in a more labial root position, which may heighten the risk of dehiscence and fenestration during orthodontic treatment. Therefore, clinicians should consider this factor when planning treatment strategies.