Consensus on the Diagnosis of Cushing’s Disease: A Collaborative Statement from the Korean Endocrine Society and Japan Endocrine Society
Cushing's disease (CD) is a rare but serious endocrine disorder caused by excessive cortisol secretion due to adrenocorticotropic hormone-secreting pituitary tumors. Despite recent developments in diagnostic criteria and treatment options, CD remains associated with substantial comorbidities and mortality. Early and accurate diagnosis is thus essential. Both the Korean Endocrine Society (KES) and Japan Endocrine Society (JES) guidelines are intended to standardize diagnostic approaches to CD, and they share common principles; however, notable differences exist, particularly in biochemical testing thresholds and imaging recommendations. This consensus statement integrates clinical evidence and expert practice from both the KES and JES to establish harmonized recommendations for biochemical evaluation, imaging, and differential testing. This unified framework is intended to enhance diagnostic precision and improve clinical outcomes across East Asian populations.
Authors
- Seung Shin Park (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5719-1539)
- Yoon‐Sok Chung (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0179-4386)
- Naoko Inoshita (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5459-3388)
- A. Sugawara
- Jeongmin Lee
- Mitsuru Nishiyama (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4417-7476)
- Hiroshi Arima (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-846X)
- Michio Otsuki (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6533-7144)
- Sang Ouk Chin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5914-3653)
- Kazunori Kageyama (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0662-5231)
- Han-Sang Baek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6896-9024)
- Mi-Kyung Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1111-9122)
- Kenichi Oyama
- Byung-Joon Kim
- Soon Jib Yoo
- Korean Neuroendocrine Study Group of Korean Endocrine Society
- Shigeyuki Tahara
- Dong-Jun Lim
- Hidenori Fukuoka
- Miho Yamashita
- Jung Hee Kim
- A Ram Hong
Institutions
- Chonnam National University (KR)
- Tohoku University (JP)
- Seoul National University Hospital (KR)
- Hamamatsu University School of Medicine (JP)
- Kyung Hee University (KR)
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center (KR)
- Kobe University Hospital (JP)
- Nippon Medical School Musashi Kosugi Hospital (JP)
- Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital (KR)
- The Catholic University of Korea Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital (KR)
- Maruyama Memorial General Hospital (JP)
- The Catholic University of Korea Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital (KR)
- Tokyo Women's Medical University (JP)
- Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital (JP)
- Mita Hospital (JP)
- The Catholic University of Korea Seoul St. Mary's Hospital (KR)
- Ajou University (KR)
- Nagoya University (JP)
- Kōchi University (JP)
- Nippon Medical School (JP)
- Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University (JP)
- Catholic University of Korea (KR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Published
- 2026-01-02
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3803/enm.2025.2707
- Primary Topic
- Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00