Debate on animal v plant diets needs nuance

WE commend the RCVS for taking a thoughtful approach in its ongoing discussions regarding the UK Health Alliance on Climate Change's proposal to promote plant-only diets.1 This is a complex issue that intersects public health, sustainability and socioeconomic considerations. Public confidence in veterinary and animal health professionals depends on impartiality and scientific integrity. Aligning too closely with a plant-only agenda risks creating the perception that the RCVS is advocating ideology rather than evidence. Instead, the college can lead by promoting dietary diversity, sustainability and animal welfare without excluding responsibly produced animal-source foods. Animal-source foods provide highly bioavailable protein, calcium, iodine, vitamin B12, iron, zinc and selenium – nutrients often under consumed in the UK. As an example, haem iron from meat is absorbed far more efficiently than non-haem iron from plants. Recent evidence shows that iron deficiency is twice as common in vegetarians and vegans compared to omnivores.2 A blanket move to plant-only diets could exacerbate deficiencies unless supported by supplementation and careful planning, which is not always practical or accessible for all population groups. “Global recommendations do not always reflect national realities Biodiversity impacts further highlight the complexity of these issues. Grazing livestock play a vital role in maintaining ecosystems, from preventing scrub encroachment in peatlands6 to supporting diverse wetlands7 and enhancing butterfly and bird diversity in upland systems.8 We support the RCVS in maintaining a neutral, science-led stance. We would welcome the opportunity to collaborate on developing guidance that reflects these principles.