Effect of Different Restorative Materials on Biomechanical Behavior in Implant-Supported Single Molar Crowns: A Finite Element Analysis

Aim: In this study, it was conducted to examine the effect of the stress distribution of different restorative materials on the crown, abutment, implant and bone on the biomechanical behavior and safety factor of the materials. Material and Methods: Zirconia, lithium disilicate, and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramics were designed on a single implant-supported crown that replaced the missing lower first molar. The stresses of the components of the models and the safety factors of the crown materials were calculated after 400 N occlusal loading. Results: The zirconia model caused the lowest stress on the implant but the highest stress on the crown. When the elastic modulus of the material increased, the stress on the crown increased, but the stress transmitted to the implant decreased. However, despite this high stress in the crown, the highest safety factor was in zirconia. Conclusion: The safety factor of the restoration material depends on the flexural strength rather than the stress on the crown. The greater the flexural strength, the greater the safety factor, and for a long-surviving implant-supported restoration, it is important that the crown material has a high safety factor and low stress on the implant.