At-Risk Students: Psychological Resilience, Risk Factors, and Protective Factors

The issue of at-risk students is a prominent topic in the field of educational science, particularly in light of the growing social and psychological challenges faced by educational systems. The terminology used to describe this group of students varies, reflecting a lack of clear conceptual consensus. The concepts of psychological resilience, risk factors, and protective factors form the cornerstone for understanding the dynamics of risk and response. Recent literature emphasizes the pivotal role of social support—whether from family, peers, or teachers—in fostering effective resilience that enables youth to overcome adversity. Key risk factors include poverty, family disintegration, social marginalization, and psychological trauma.