Сучасні тенденції та перспективи української зворотної міграції

This article examines contemporary trends in Ukrainian external migration and the factors influencing return migration, underscoring the need for return policies that foster economic growth and social stability. The study identifies key determinants of return, considering both forced and rational migration drivers alongside the social profile of displaced persons. Particular attention is given to pull and push factors that either facilitate return or encourage an extended stay in host countries. The analysis is structured around two main dimensions – security and socio-economic conditions – providing an evaluation of the opportunities available in Ukraine and host states. Given the challenges related to return – including housing issues, economic uncertainty, labor market barriers, legal and bureaucratic constraints, and reintegration difficulties – the author underscores the need for a comprehensive return strategy. In particular, in collaboration with international organizations and civil society, Ukrainian government needs to implement policies that ensure safe return, access to housing, medical care, legal assistance, psychological support, financial programs, and educational opportunities for returnees. In this regard, the author emphasizes that information and communication campaigns about available opportunities can play a crucial role in facilitating sustained return.