Визначення реологічних параметрів системи «шина–дорога»

The efficiency and safety of modern wheeled vehicles significantly depend on the reliable interaction between pneumatic tires and the supporting road or soil surface under varying load conditions. This interaction is governed by a complex combination of elastic, viscous and plastic deformation processes, occurring both in the tire structure and in the contact layer of the supporting surface. Accurate description of these processes requires the development and application of advanced rheological models capable of reproducing the nonlinear and time-dependent behavior of tire materials. The analytical and experimental methodologies for determining the rheological parameters of pneumatic tires, including stiffness, deformation modulus, viscous resistance and internal friction characteristics are proposed in the paper. The methods are based on the analysis of static and dynamic deformation behavior, as well as on the spatial distribution of contact stresses in the tire–road interface. The approach allows for capturing the influence of varying load levels and inflation pressure on the tire’s mechanical response. The obtained rheological parameters provide a foundation for constructing numerical models of the tire–road contact system, enabling accurate prediction of contact stresses, deformation patterns, and dynamic loading during vehicle operation. The proposed methodologies reduce experimental complexity and improve parameter accuracy, offering practical value for tire design, optimization of vehicle dynamics and transport engineering applications.