Between the Mediterranean and the Red Sea: Rethinking the Ben Gurion Canal

The idea of the Ben Gurion Canal, a proposed waterway linking the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea through Israeli territory, has raised debates on strategy, economics, environment, and geopolitics. This article explores the historical origins and motivations behind the project, tracing its connection to David Ben-Gurion’s vision for Israeli security and development. It compares the project’s significance with the Suez Canal, focusing on possible advantages for global shipping and economic gains for Israel. The paper also examines the major environmental and engineering challenges, including desert terrain, seismic risks, and ecological impacts on the Negev. Geopolitical implications are analysed, particularly the responses of Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Iran, and global powers such as the United States, China, and the European Union. The discussion highlights how the canal could reshape maritime chokepoints like Suez, Bab-el-Mandeb, and the Strait of Hormuz. Finally, the study considers alternative strategies for Israel’s regional and global connectivity, including railways, highways, pipelines, and logistics partnerships under frameworks like the Abraham Accords and China’s Belt and Road Initiative. The findings suggest that while the Ben Gurion Canal carries strong strategic appeal, it also faces significant environmental, political, and financial barriers. Alternative projects may offer more practical paths for Israel to strengthen its role in global trade networks.