MARIGOLDS AS A COMPANION CROP: IMPACT ON PEST CONTROL AND POLLINATOR ATTRACTION IN MIXED CROPPING SYSTEMS

Marigolds (Tagetes spp.) have gained attention for enhancing pest control and pollinator attraction in mixed cropping systems. This study investigates the impact of marigolds as a companion crop, assessing their effectiveness in pest deterrence and their ability to attract beneficial pollinators. Results from field studies and existing research reveal that marigolds release bioactive compounds, such as thiophene and alpha-terthienyl, which effectively repel pests including aphids, whiteflies, and root-knot nematodes. This repellent action mitigates crop damage and improves agricultural yields. Marigolds also support beneficial insect populations, including ladybugs, hoverflies, and parasitic wasps, which enhance biological pest control and contribute to agroecosystem health. Moreover, marigolds effectively attract pollinators by providing a reliable source of nectar and pollen, thereby boosting pollination rates and crop productivity. This study underscores the value of incorporating marigolds into mixed cropping systems as a sustainable strategy for integrated pest management and pollinator support. The results offer critical insights for optimizing agricultural practices and advancing sustainable farming through strategic companion planting.