Vivaldi Antenna Performance Enhancement for IoT Applications Using Optimal Bandwidth

The dual-band microstrip is designed to be compatible with Internet of Things (IoT) applications, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi standards, ensuring reliable communication for short- and medium-range IoT devices. Utilizing an FR4 substrate, the antenna achieves excellent return loss, satisfactory gain, and near-omnidirectional radiation patterns, making it ideal for compact IoT devices. This paper presents a dual-band Vivaldi antenna for IoT applications operating at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz. Designed and optimized using ADS software, the antenna achieves a compact layout on FR4 with enhanced return loss and radiation performance. The proposed design achieves a return loss of –32 dB at 2.4 GHz and –17.6 dB at 5.8 GHz, with bandwidths of 660 MHz and 640 MHz, respectively. Radiation efficiencies reached 80% and 78%. These results confirm the antenna’s suitability for short- and mid-range wireless protocols such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Future work may explore integration with RF energy harvesting and real-world multipath testing.