Efficiency of Low Alpha Dose Therapy for Achieving Complete Skin Tissue Regeneration

Introduction: The process of wound healing represents a dynamic and multifaceted phenomenon characterized by intricate cellular and molecular mechanisms aimed at the restoration of tissue integrity. The present study examined the impact of low-dose ionizing radiation, particularly alpha particles released by americium-241, on the process of wound healing in murine experimental models. Material and Methods: Twenty-four male mice were randomly divided into three groups: a control group (CG) and two experimental groups exposed to radiation for 5 minutes (IG-5) and 15 minutes (IG-15), respectively (n = 8 per group). Each mouse received two 8 mm circular full-thickness skin excisions on the dorsum. Wound healing was evaluated over 10 days using photographic analysis (quantified via ImageJ software) and histological assessment. Results: Results indicated significantly enhanced wound closure in both irradiated groups, particularly IG-15, compared to the CG. Biochemical analyses revealed elevated levels of growth factors in irradiated tissues. Histological findings showed increased collagen deposition, greater fibroblast proliferation, and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in the experimental groups. Conclusion: These findings suggest that controlled low-dose alpha radiation, particularly in the IG-15 protocol, may beneficially modulate the wound healing process and hold potential for novel therapeutic applications.