Modelling direct healthcare costs for screening and treatment of retinopathy of prematurity among infants born at gestational age <24 weeks: findings from a Swedish cohort

Despite similar overall costs, the higher screening burden in the anti-VEGF group (25 vs 16 screenings) raises concerns regarding cost-effectiveness and potential health impacts. Main limitations include the use of cost data from a single hospital, potential selection bias between treatment groups and limited precision in small subgroups. These findings lay the groundwork for future research on long-term health and cost outcomes in this vulnerable population.