Study on the Compression and Thermal Insulation Properties of Lattice-Filled Structures in Shock Absorbers

Lattice structures, inspired by the crystal lattice, are periodically arranged structures composed of rods and nodes, featuring buffering, energy absorption, and excellent thermal insulation properties. Five types of unit cell structures were tested and the diamond lattice structure exhibited relatively smoother stress–strain curve, and its compression failure process was more stable. The diamond lattice structure was then subjected to the quasi-static compression test at temperatures of −40 °C, 25 °C, 100 °C, and 170 °C. It was found that there is a significant plateau stress during compression, and the magnitude of this plateau stress can be adjusted by changing the rod diameter. Subsequently, its thermal insulation performance was tested, and it was found that as the rod diameter increases, the plateau stress increases, but the thermal insulation performance decreases. Therefore, when designing shock absorber filler materials, the relationship between plateau stress and thermal insulation performance should be balanced, and the parameters with the best comprehensive performance should be selected.