“Popcorn-Like” fabrication for high performance reduced-graphene oxide via laser and microwave reduction process

Three dimensional porous graphene-oxide thin layer with a consecutive steric interconnection grid and excellent quality reduced by consecutive laser and microwave irradiation process, is critical for achieving high-performance supercapacitor. However, due to the interaction between fluffy graphene-oxide layer and fierce energy released reduction process, realizing this goal presents a significant challenge. By employing freeze dry technology to constructs a large interface area immersed in electrolyte, and utilizing high-concentration technology to enhance the mechanical strength of graphene-oxide thin layer, the graphene oxide film can experience high energy density laser irradiation and microwave reduction consequently without fragmentation during reaction process, achieving the high graphene Raman spectroscopy of 2D/G band intensity ratio (>6) with the proposed method. The strong interlayer interactions in turbostratic graphene layers significantly enhance intervalley Raman resonance scattering, leading to enhanced novel 2D band intensity due to the mirror symmetry of the valence and conduction bands relative to Fermi level near the Dirac point in the Brillouin zone. We demonstrate a high-performance supercapacitor achieving a capacitance of 520.33 farads per gram through a multiple-reduction process.