Public health management of COVID-19 in Morocco with regional lessons from the Fez Meknes health system

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic presented an unprecedented challenge to global health systems worldwide, exposing structural strengths and vulnerabilities. Morocco, following WHO guidance, implemented a national strategy based on health, economic, and social pillars. This study presents a regional descriptive analysis of the implementation of Morocco’s National COVID-19 Response Plan in the Fez-Meknes region, based on aggregated and administrative data collected from official epidemiological and vaccination information systems. Objective This study analyzes the strategy’s implementation in the Fez-Meknes region (March 2020–December 2021), detailing activities, outcomes, strengths, weaknesses, and lessons for future resilience. Methodology Despite limited resources and regional disparities, the Fez-Meknes health system mobilized quickly to launch key interventions: early surveillance, expanded testing, care reorganization, home isolation, and mass vaccination. The region also initiated communication efforts, psychosocial support, and reinforced governance and logistics via a regional crisis cell. Results Key outcomes included over 400,000 COVID-19 tests, 85% of cases managed through home isolation in 2021, 94% vaccination coverage among those aged 12 and above, and over 6000 psychosocial support sessions. Challenges included insufficient ICU beds and oxygen, staff shortages, weak digital systems, and fragmented early governance. Corrective measures equipment upgrades, better coordination, partner support, and digital platforms helped optimize the response. The analysis shows Morocco’s regional response demonstrated adaptability, community engagement and solidarity. However, it also revealed the need for structural reforms, stronger crisis preparedness, and improved data systems. The Fez-Meknes case underlines the value of decentralized governance, integration of primary care, and innovative tools like hotel-based isolation and mobile vaccination units. Conclusion In conclusion, this case study provides practical lessons to enhance health system resilience and inform future public health emergency responses in Morocco and similar settings.