Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices on Tobacco consumption in the Galapagos: a comparative analysis between teenagers and adults

<ns3:p>Introduction Tobacco consumption is a leading public health concern in Latin America, contributing significantly to mortality and economic burdens. Despite national regulations, tobacco use remains prevalent in Ecuador, particularly among certain populations. The Galapagos Archipelago provides a unique setting to assess tobacco-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among its residents. Objective This study aimed to determine tobacco consumption prevalence and evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding tobacco use and its alternatives in the resident population of the Galapagos Islands. Methods A descriptive study was conducted using validated instruments, the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) and the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS). Surveys were administered between March and June 2023 to a sample of adults and teenagers, with data collected anonymously. Results A total of 436 participants were surveyed. Among adults (n=222), 25.2% were smokers, predominantly male (60.7%). In the teenage group (n=214), 6.1% reported current smoking. Smoking initiation occurred at a mean age of 17 years in adults and 15 years in teenagers. Most smokers recognized the health risks associated with tobacco, but awareness of specific diseases varied. Although 57.9% of adult smokers attempted to quit, few received professional assistance. Public support for smoke-free policies was high, yet smoking in restricted areas remained common. Conclusion Tobacco consumption in the Galapagos Archipelago is higher than the national average, especially among adults. Despite awareness of health risks, cessation efforts remain insufficient. Strengthened public health policies and targeted interventions are needed to reduce tobacco use and mitigate its health and environmental impact.</ns3:p>